Learn common kidney disease symptoms, risk factors, kidney function tests and why diabetes and high BP can damage the kidneys.
Kidney Disease Can Develop Quietly
The kidneys help regulate fluid balance, remove waste and perform several important metabolic functions.
Early kidney disease may produce few symptoms.
Possible warning signs
Depending on the condition, symptoms may include:
- Swelling of legs or feet
- Changes in urination
- Blood in urine
- Foamy urine
- Persistent fatigue
- Loss of appetite
- Nausea
- Itching
- High blood pressure
- Reduced urine output in some acute conditions
These symptoms are not specific to kidney disease.
Who is at greater risk?
Important risk factors include:
- Diabetes
- Hypertension
- Cardiovascular disease
- Family history of kidney disease
- Certain medications
- Previous kidney problems
Which tests are useful?
Depending on the situation, doctors may evaluate:
- Serum creatinine
- Estimated GFR
- Urine albumin
- Urinalysis
- Blood pressure
- Blood glucose
Early identification is particularly important for people with diabetes and hypertension.
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